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一、10 个高频新词
v.1. preserve/prɪˈzɜːv/ 🔊保护;保存
语法
preserve(保护/保存)|preservation(n.)考点:preserve(保护保存)vs protect(保护)vs reserve(预留)。
技巧:preserve wildlife / old buildings。
简单We should
preserve our old buildings.我们应该保护老建筑。
拆解:情态动词 + 主谓宾。
中等The law was made to preserve wildlife.
制定这项法律是为了保护野生动物。
拆解:to preserve 不定式作目的状语。
复杂The paintings that are preserved in the museum are very valuable.
博物馆里保存的那些画非常珍贵。
拆解:that 定语从句(被动)。
v.2. require/rɪˈkwaɪə/ 🔊需要;要求
语法
require sth(需要)|requirement(n.)考点:require + that + (should) do(虚拟语气)。
技巧:require = need / demand。
简单This job
requires patience.这份工作需要耐心。
拆解:主谓宾。
中等The teacher
requires us to hand in homework on time.老师要求我们按时交作业。
拆解:require sb to do。
复杂Success
requires that one should work hard.成功需要人努力工作。
拆解:require + that 宾语从句(虚拟语气)。
v.3. suppose/səˈpəʊz/ 🔊认为;假设
语法
be supposed to do(应该做)|suppose that考点:be supposed to do = be expected to do(应该)。
技巧:be supposed to(应该做)。
简单I
suppose he is right.我想他是对的。
拆解:主谓 + 省略 that 的宾语从句。
中等You
are supposed to arrive on time.你应该准时到达。
拆解:be supposed to do。
复杂We
are supposed to finish the work that was given last week.我们应该完成上周布置的作业。
拆解:be supposed to do + that 定语从句。
v.4. suggest/səˈdʒest/ 🔊建议
语法
suggest doing(建议做)|suggest that sb (should) do考点:suggest doing(不接 to do);suggest + that + (should) do。
技巧:suggest 后接 doing 或 (should) do。
简单He
suggested a good idea.他提出了一个好主意。
拆解:主谓宾。
中等I
suggest going there by bike.我建议骑自行车去那里。
拆解:suggest doing。
复杂The doctor
suggested that he should take more exercise.医生建议他多锻炼。
拆解:suggest + that + (should) do(虚拟语气)。
v.5. afford/əˈfɔːd/ 🔊负担得起
语法
afford to do(负担得起做)|afford sth考点:afford 常与 can / be able to 连用;afford to do。
技巧:can afford to do(负担得起)。
简单We can not
afford a new car.我们买不起新车。
拆解:情态动词 + 主谓宾。
中等He
can afford to buy a big house.他买得起大房子。
拆解:afford to do。
复杂Not many families
can afford to send their children abroad.没有多少家庭负担得起送孩子出国。
拆解:can afford to do。
v.6. manage/ˈmænɪdʒ/ 🔊设法做到;管理
语法
manage to do(设法做成)|manager(n.)考点:manage to do(做成)vs try to do(尽力,未必做成)。
技巧:manage to do = succeed in doing。
简单He
managed to finish the work.他设法完成了工作。
拆解:manage to do。
中等She
managed to pass the exam.她设法通过了考试。
拆解:manage to do。
复杂Although it was hard, we
managed to complete the task on time.虽然很难,我们还是按时完成了任务。
拆解:Although 让步状语从句 + manage to do。
v.7. prevent/prɪˈvent/ 🔊阻止
语法
prevent sb from doing(阻止某人做)考点:prevent / stop / keep sb from doing。
技巧:主动可省 from,被动必须还原 from。
简单Nothing can
prevent us.没什么能阻止我们。
拆解:情态动词 + 主谓宾。
中等The rain
prevented us from going out.大雨阻止了我们出门。
拆解:prevent sb from doing。
复杂The medicine
prevents the disease from spreading quickly.这种药能阻止疾病快速传播。
拆解:prevent…from doing。
v.8. regret/rɪˈɡret/ 🔊后悔
语法
regret doing(后悔做过)|regret to do(遗憾地要做)考点:regret doing(已做)vs regret to do(未做,遗憾地通知)。
技巧:doing 表已做,to do 表未做。
简单He
regretted his decision.他后悔自己的决定。
拆解:主谓宾。
中等I
regret telling you the truth.我后悔把真相告诉了你。
拆解:regret doing(后悔做过)。
复杂She
regrets that she did not study harder at school.她后悔在校时没更努力学习。
拆解:regret + that 宾语从句。
v.9. realize/ˈrɪəlaɪz/ 🔊意识到;实现
语法
realize that(意识到)|realize one's dream(实现梦想)考点:realize 双义"意识到 / 实现"。
技巧:realize one's dream = make one's dream come true。
简单He
realized his mistake.他意识到了自己的错误。
拆解:主谓宾。
中等She
realized that she was wrong.她意识到自己错了。
拆解:realize + that 宾语从句。
复杂Only when he grew up did he
realize how much his parents had done for him.直到长大,他才意识到父母为他付出了多少。
拆解:Only + 状语倒装句 + how much 宾语从句。
v.10. wonder/ˈwʌndə/ 🔊想知道
语法
wonder if/whether(想知道是否)|wonder at(对…惊奇)考点:wonder + if / whether / wh- 从句。
技巧:wonder(想知道)vs wander(漫步)拼写辨析。
简单I
wonder who he is.我想知道他是谁。
拆解:wonder + wh- 宾语从句。
中等She
wondered whether it would rain.她想知道是否会下雨。
拆解:wonder + whether 宾语从句。
复杂I often
wonder what life will be like in the future.我常想未来的生活会是什么样。
拆解:wonder + what 宾语从句。
二、配套语法示例
③ 情态动词表推测
- must(肯定):He must be at home now. 他一定在家。
- can't(不可能):It can't be true. 那不可能是真的。
- may(可能):It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能下雨。
考点:must(肯定推测)/ can't(否定推测)/ may(可能)。
④ 非谓语进阶(分词作状语)
- Seeing the teacher, the students stood up. 看见老师,学生们站了起来。(主动)
- Seen from the hill, the city looks beautiful. 从山上看,城市很美。(被动)
考点:现在分词(主动/进行)vs 过去分词(被动/完成),看与主语关系。