本批为 高中新词(人教版必修二~三),非初中词汇。每个词含 词性、音标、3 个例句(简单/中等/复杂)及语法拆解,点单词或 🔊 可发音。回到 完整方案。
一、10 个高频新词(必修二~三)
v.1. decrease/dɪˈkriːs/ 🔊减少
语法
decrease(减少)/ increase(增加)|decrease to/by考点:decrease 既是动词也是名词;反义 increase。
技巧:decrease = go down;increase = go up。
简单The population
has decreased.人口已经减少了。
拆解:现在完成时。
中等The number of cars
decreased by 10 percent last year.去年汽车数量减少了 10%。
拆解:decrease by + 幅度;last year 时间状语。
复杂To decrease pollution, the government encourages people to take public transport.
为减少污染,政府鼓励人们乘坐公共交通。
拆解:To decrease 不定式作目的状语;encourage sb to do。
v.2. employ/ɪmˈplɔɪ/ 🔊雇用
语法
employ sb(雇用)|employee(雇员)/ employer(雇主)考点:employ = hire;employee / employer / employment 辨析。
技巧:-ee 是被动者(雇员),-er 是主动者(雇主)。
简单The company
employs 200 workers.公司雇用了 200 名工人。
拆解:主谓宾。
中等He
was employed as an engineer.他被雇用为工程师。
拆解:被动语态 be employed as。
复杂The factory, which employs over 500 workers, was built in 2010.
那家雇用 500 多名工人的工厂建于 2010 年。
拆解:which 非限制性定语从句;主句 was built 被动。
v.3. perform/pəˈfɔːm/ 🔊表演;执行
语法
perform(表演/执行)|performance(n. 表演/表现)考点:perform 双义"表演/执行";performance 演出/成绩。
技巧:perform a task 执行任务;perform on stage 舞台表演。
简单She
performed well in the exam.她考试表现很好。
拆解:主谓 + 副词 well + 状语。
中等The band
will perform at the concert tonight.乐队将在今晚的音乐会上表演。
拆解:一般将来时。
复杂He
performed so well that everyone present was deeply impressed.他表现得太好了,在场的每个人都印象深刻。
拆解:so…that 结果状语从句;present 后置定语。
v.4. rely/rɪˈlaɪ/ 🔊依赖;依靠
语法
rely on(依赖)|rely on sb to do(依靠某人做)考点:rely on = depend on(同义)。
技巧:rely on 的 on 是介词,接名词 / doing。
简单I
rely on my parents.我依赖父母。
拆解:rely on + 名词。
中等You can
rely on me to help you.你可以依靠我来帮助你。
拆解:rely on sb to do。
复杂We should learn to
rely on ourselves rather than always turn to others for help.我们应学会靠自己,而不是总向他人求助。
拆解:rather than 对照;to rely on ourselves 不定式作 learn 的宾语。
adj.5. familiar/fəˈmɪliə/ 🔊熟悉的
语法
be familiar with(熟悉,主语是人)|be familiar to(为…所熟悉,主语是物)考点:be familiar with vs be familiar to 辨析。
技巧:人熟悉物用 with,物为人熟知用 to。
简单I'm
familiar with this song.我熟悉这首歌。
拆解:be familiar with(人作主语)。
中等The name sounds
familiar to me.这个名字我听着耳熟。
拆解:be familiar to(物作主语);sounds 系动词。
复杂The place, which is familiar to most of us, has changed a lot.
那个我们大多数人熟悉的地方,已经变了很多。
拆解:which 非限制性定语从句;主句 has changed 现在完成时。
v.6. attach/əˈtætʃ/ 🔊附上;使依恋
语法
attach…to(把…附到)|be attached to(依恋/重视)考点:attach importance to(重视);be attached to 依恋。
技巧:attach importance to doing(to 是介词)。
简单Please
attach a photo to the form.请把照片附在表格上。
拆解:attach…to。
中等We should
attach great importance to protecting the environment.我们应高度重视保护环境。
拆解:attach importance to doing;protecting 动名词。
复杂The government
attaches importance to what affects people's daily life.政府重视影响人们日常生活的事。
拆解:attach importance to + what 宾语从句。
v.7. pretend/prɪˈtend/ 🔊假装
语法
pretend to do / pretend to be doing / pretend that考点:pretend to do(未做)/ to be doing(正在)/ to have done(已做)。
技巧:pretend 后接不定式,注意时态变化。
简单He
pretended to be ill.他假装生病。
拆解:pretend to do。
中等She
pretended to be reading when I came in.我进来时她假装在读书。
拆解:pretend to be doing(假装正在做)。
复杂He
pretended that he didn't know anything about what had happened.他假装对所发生的事一无所知。
拆解:pretend that 宾语从句;其中 what had happened 又作 about 的宾语从句。
v.8. permit/pəˈmɪt/ 🔊允许
语法
permit doing(允许做)|permit sb to do(允许某人做)考点:permit doing vs permit sb to do;allow 同义。
技巧:permit / allow 后接 doing 或 sb to do。
简单Smoking
is not permitted here.此处不允许吸烟。
拆解:动名词作主语 + 被动语态。
中等The teacher
permitted us to leave early.老师允许我们早点离开。
拆解:permit sb to do。
复杂Weather permitting, we will go for a picnic tomorrow.
天气允许的话,我们明天去野餐。
拆解:独立主格结构(Weather + 现在分词 permitting)。
v./n.9. benefit/ˈbenɪfɪt/ 🔊使受益;益处
语法
benefit from(从…受益)|be of benefit to(对…有益)考点:benefit sb(使受益)/ benefit from(受益于)。
技巧:be beneficial to = be of benefit to。
简单Exercise
benefits your health.锻炼有益健康。
拆解:主谓宾(benefit 及物)。
中等We can
benefit a lot from reading.我们能从阅读中受益匪浅。
拆解:benefit from + doing。
复杂Regular exercise
is of great benefit to those who sit for long hours.规律锻炼对久坐的人大有益处。
拆解:be of benefit to;who sit… 定语从句修饰 those。
v.10. impress/ɪmˈpres/ 🔊给…留下印象
语法
impress sb with sth(以…给某人留下印象)|be impressed by/with考点:impress sb 使某人印象深刻;impression(n. 印象)。
技巧:leave / make a deep impression on sb。
简单The film
impressed me deeply.这部电影给我留下了深刻印象。
拆解:主谓宾;deeply 副词。
中等I
was deeply impressed by his speech.他的演讲给我留下了深刻印象。
拆解:be impressed by 被动结构。
复杂What impressed me most was the teacher's patience with every student.
最让我印象深刻的是老师对每个学生的耐心。
拆解:What… 主语从句;was 系动词 + 表语。
二、配套语法示例(三大常考)
③ 时态语态(重点 4 种)
- 一般现在:I study English every day.
- 现在进行:He is studying now.
- 现在完成:have/has + 过去分词 — I have finished my homework.
- 过去进行:was/were doing — I was sleeping when you called.
考点:完成时标志词(already / yet / since / for);被动 = be + 过去分词。
④ 虚拟语气
- If I were you, I would study harder. 如果我是你,我会更努力。
- I wish I knew the answer. 我多希望我知道答案。
考点:与现在相反用过去式;be 动词一律用 were。
⑤ 情态动词 + 完成时(表推测)
- must have done(一定做过):He must have left.
- can't have done(不可能做过):He can't have said that.
- should have done(本应做而没做):You should have come earlier.
考点:must(肯定)/ can't(否定推测)/ should(责备)。